Racism (Introduction, History and it's status in Pakistan)

 Racism

Introduction:-

Racism is the term use to distinguish human beings into “separate and particular biological units” called races. These races further determine the link between physical properties and morality. These races system built a parameters like colour, caste, creed, status etc. Among them few consider superior and other inferior and that inferiority concept leads towards serious “discrimination” like unequal citizenship rights , educational rights, medical facilities etc. For instance, In Hinduism, there is a clear concept of caste system among the caste few of them like Barahmans, they consider the most powerful and superior people and ysually given with the influential posts in all sectors. On the other hand, the shudhi caste considered to be as the most inferior and the Barahmans who considered to be as the superior they don’t even bear to sit or eat with them and Consider them as a dirty creation because of their caste and creed. They always been given with the most lowest jobs and taken as a slave in hindu culture. Like wise if we see, Sri Lanka, the Tamils were among the minorities and Sinhalese among the majority. The Sinhalese took advantage of their population, they started suppressing the basic rights of Tamils like discrimination in educational sector and their language that lead discrimination and fired up an unprecedented civil war there. The Negros and the behaviour of the world especially (USA and Europe) is unforgettable to quote because they were the first to introduce the racism ans ethical issues in the world. Just because of the colours difference, Negros had been pissed off in the past abd still passing. The hatred towards the dark tons and the slavery that once burnt by the Europeans towards African is still under rage. Even if we see the English dictionary, we find several words that are deeply connected and quoted with bad meanings due to “black hate”. Like everything black considered as a bad like “Black-mailing”, “Black-Collar”, the association of black cat towards bad luck is all the hate generated by whites towards black to show their supremacy and suppress the Negros on all grounds.

Historical Background:-

The racism was present in world since ancient world but official it is present since 18th century where the racial difference coincidered as a cultural invention. The proper racism started during colonial era when Europeans went to different countries and took the charge especially in Asian, African and also American region. During 18th century, the Europeans made colonies in America after the discovery. The Europeans especially the British people have also made their colonies in other region like Africa and Asia. The Americans were the red-Indians who were very innocent and they took them as their guest without knowing, they are going to ethnically vanish them and will establish their own generations. Most of the people don’t know about it that, Americans are less in America than Europeans. They have first made colonies and also bought the black people in America for slavery and did discrimination with them in all the ways they could.

 During 1960, the British governing bodies made a law in South Africa, where the white people got superiority over black and brown and they got segregated over skin tones which was highly started practicing in South Africa during 1948 and this segregation termed as ‘Apartheid’. This racial segregation included sanctions that acted via laws in which black people had been treated like a slaves. They haven’t been given with jobs in strong sectors, the travel system was also different for blacks and white and many other anti-human act had been seen during the Aperthied era in South Africa.

The Holocaust in Germany( 1933) is another intiative that had been taken by Nazi party in term of racism, where thousands of Jews had been targeted and killed because of their religion and the ‘anti-semitism’ has been applied where, the ethnic cleansing of Jews took place and had been called that they don’t have a right to live.

Racism status in Pakistan:-

In Pakistan , the Racism is presesnt but not that violent or at officially by government, the way it is in other countries like Inidia, United States, Europe etc. In Pakistan, the society is of kind that follows certain parameters that comes under racism because of their superstations and beliefs. Like,

• Sheats-Sunni fight. In Pakistan the people with different sects fights over different views. Each of them call the opposition as ‘kafirs’, which usually creates the discrimination and racist environment in country and cause tension in certain religiously-extemist group which end up with blood-shed.

• Discrimination with minorities and religious intolerence. In Pakistan, we often see Christians as a ‘janitor’. We often find the minorities working on inferior scales and also there is religious intolereance and people often come to warn a murder if any minority dare to talk any hard against Islam.

• The caste system, In Pakistan people often concider certain castes’people as an inferior and they don’t let theor children to get marry under that caste.

• Another thing that we often see in Pakistan is: Mocking over tanned or dark tones and usually speak out the person as ‘Kala’which creates complexion insecurities among people.

• Making jokes on certain caste is also very common in people. Like people usually call out Pathans as ‘Mentally insane’, Sheikhs as ‘avaricious’and Sardars as ‘Foolish’, that comes under ethnical stereotype.

• Punjabis and Pukhtoons fights over ethnical differences. These two groups are similar as a nation but different in term of mother language and a bit different life-style. Both the groups resists to be in a marital connection with each other on certain points like, punjabi takes pukhtoons as restricted and narrow-mided people, on the other hand, Pukhtoons takes Punjabis as an independent people that couldn’t run the house in a proper way.

These were the drawbacks that we often see in Pakistan that promotes eacism and ethnical discrimination in thr country but there are certain positives things that should also be concidered like:

• In Pakistan, the minorities kept in safer place in jail to protect them from being harmed by the common people,if they commit any religious crime and recently, we have seen the positive decision made by PM of Pakistan Imran Khan by releasing Asia Maseeh free from Blashphemy case by saying ‘The innocent shouldn’t be punished’.
•  Another poisitive thing we see is, the murder or killing ratio in Pakistan on racism is not that open or free than other countries, which shows positive image of Pakistan.
• In Pakistan, there is almost minimal or no discriminatory acts or laws connected to race, rather everyone gets an equal opportunities and participation in all the institutions.
• The Pakistani law also deny the slavery or any kind of discrimination. According to the Article 12A: 
• “Slavery is non-existent and forbidden and no law shall permit or facilitate its introduction into Pakistan in any form’’.
• The founder of Pakistan, Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was also the supporter of quality and he denied all kind of discrimination and urged all the Pakistanis to live and work together regardless of colour, race, or religion. According to Quaid:
• “Now if we want to make this great state of Pakistan happy and prosperous we should wholly and solely concentrate on the well-being of the people, and especially of the masses and the poor … If you change your past and work together in a spirit that every one of you, no matter to what community he belongs, no matter what relations he had with you in the past, no matter what is his colour, caste or creed, is first, second and last a citizen of this state with equal rights, privileges and obligations, there will be no end to the progress you will make.”

Conclusion:-

In a nutshell, the racism has a deep roots inculcating in society that emerge due to intolerance and beliefs system of people that continously creating hatred among people. Since 18th century till current century, we have seen the hype of racial discrimination but with time, it’s intensity is getting down and the people are opting humanity more tightly like we have seen in George Floyd case, the people from different background, caste and creed spoke against the discrimination and made the top trend ‘Black lives matter’ world-wide. But, we have also seen, the enimity and resistance somewhere in society which needs to be curbed and end. Like, we have seen in contrast with Pakistan, the Society in not reluctant and absorb negativity which shows the wrong-perception of the state-policy because of society in the world.

Recommandations:-

• Racial content and discrimination should be eliminated from the text books.
• The media should play the role in creating equality among different races, colour and people. There should be complete ban on labeling beauty with colour.
• Government should make the strict rules against racism and discrimination, so that the people avoid such acts.
• Seminars and workshops should be introduced to educate people on the intensity of issue and it’s pyschological affects on society.

Role of Turkey and Pakistan regarding Al'-Aqsa Mosque incident

 Since, the Sheikh-Al-Jarrah Incident took place, like other Muslim leaders, The Turkish president Recep Tayyep Erdoğan protested against the cruelty of Isreal on innocent Muslims of Palestine. Erdoğan labeled Isreal as a "Cruel terrorist state" and he also said, "The attack on Jerusalem is the attack on all Muslims". He urget the all the  Muslim countries in the world to get  United and take this issue to United nation for the better persecution of the issue.

 The Erdoğan is also having the view that, there should be the United force of Muslim that could be used as an alliance. Whenever, any Muslim country caught in violence, that collective force help the country to deter.

For that, He called the Pakistani PM Imran Khan and talked about the Al-Quds issue and the suggestion for solution. Imran khan guaranteed their closeby to Turkey. Erdogan is also trying to attract other Muslims countries together like Arab countries mainly UAE and KSA, and the neighbourhood of Palestine and the Muslim countries from South East Asian region mainly Malaysia. With that, they've been in contact with Russia and china for the support to be in the alliance.

Turkey is trying to convince Russia and Pakistan is trying China to be in the bloc. Other than  these countries, Iran is standing by Turkey and Pakistan.

We are hoping that may this suggestion would practically be implied so that Isreal don't dare again to put his evil eyes on Muslims and their holy places. Ameen!

How Conservative and illiterate society leads obesity in Women

 Obesity:- In order to connect the obesity with societal issue, firstly, I would define what is obesity?

1-“Obesity is defined as an abnormal fat that accumulate on the body of human being”. We can also use the term “overweight”.

Most of the people in our society have been passing through this issue and among them the women counts more. There are several reason behind them. Like, women usually get overweight due to pregnancy and other hormonal changes like PCOS etc. These are the internal changes that women usually bear and suffer from bulky body. They try different diets, leave their stomach empty so that they can loose some inches but all get in vein. 

REASONS:-

- Diets don’t work all the time, you need some physical exercise too. Like workout, walk, jogging etc. These are the things that majority of the women skip because of the several issues. Some of them are listed below:

a) Women don’t go out to walk because of harassment they face outside or their families don’t allow them.

Now, when I pointed this issue, I know most of the women face it. Harassment is getting very common in our society. The people with lack of education and frustration, they behave extremely unethical. The people outside especially few illiterate men community, they follow them, pass unethical comments, which loose the confidence of women with weak will-power. This not only effect to that particular woman, who face the bully but also the other women, who come out by seeing that lady. Because, everyone has a role model and this is how the chain begin.

b) The second section of my point is connected with the first point. Being in patriarchal society, it’s very difficult for a women to convince their family for going out especially for fitness. Most of the families don’t allow their women for Gym or walk. They don’t let them go outside. (Now, most of the people will say, these ladies could do the same at home but it’s not true. A lady from strong background could afford a long walking track & luxury gym at home but a middle-class or poor can’t.

Now, the families don’t allow their ladies to go out but, if they allow and their daughters, mother, sister or any family woman face harassment, they ban their walk forever. This is how, the conservatism begins. Now, conservativism  has connection with lack of education+ weak-will that resist the one to fight for their rights. These kind of people feel they can’t fight with the outer environment and feel theirself comfortable in internal environment These kind of things accumulate and stop women to work for her own health and body. She leaves everything that she wants, to make the society happy and to keep the so called status of “purity”. The most surprising thing is, when you see closely to these Conservative people, they’re among the people who blew the “Fat shaming” and effect the lady with obesity psychologically as well. Neither, they help woman to shed off her weight nor, they accept her with fat. This is the most Conservative concept that one could scale out.

Solution

The solutions that , I would subject is:

•  Normalise the “psychological education” and “Defence Training for women”
• The psychological training would help the society to understand the importance of mental health and how a bully, mock or useless restriction could affect the mental health. The training would provide the parents with enough education to understand their children and let them embrace feedom. 
• On the other hand, Defence Training helps the woman to defend their selves against any miss-adventure. It will give confidence to woman to learn “How to fight for her own right”. Which is important to be learnt in current era.

Book Review On: The Isreal Lobby and US Foreign policy By John J. Mearsheimer and Stephen M. Walt

 

The Israel Lobby and US Foreign policy By:

John J. Mearsheimer and Stephen M. Walt

 

About Author:-

•  John J. Mearsheimer was born in America. He is the political scientist and International Relation scholar serve in University of Chicago as professor. The Mearsheimer is the follower of “Realist school of thought” inspired by   Kenneth Walt and Hens Morgenthau. He is best known for his work in developing offensive Realism
• Stephen M. Walt is the companion of Mearsheimer in writing this book. He is the professor for International Affairs at Harvard University. He is best known for his work in defensive Realism.

Publishing Date:-

This book was published in year 2006 under the penguin group of company.

Summary:-

This book is about the American support  and  interest groups, that are creating destruction in Middle East and also damage both Israel and United States and their future. In this book, authors have argued that, how the pro-Israeli lobby is shaping the policy of United States that is not in the favor of Americans rather, it supporting to Israel and helping it to get more destructive. In this book author rejected any kind of anti-Semitism rather they talked about the Israel lobby and it’s cost and benefit analysis. The author said, American support for Israel is unconditional and beyond compare. Israel is the largest recipient of Economic and military aid that 500$ per Israeli person and even though Israel is 29^th in the world by per capita income and it’s not a poor country for the aid. And Israel also gets the support of America even when US opposes like settlements on occupied territories. The Israel get consistent in diplomatic packing from the United States always takes the side of Israel in regional disputes. Israel is actually rarely criticized by any of the president in US history. Usually people says it’s because the Israel is the vital strategic assets and share the same values that US does. But, author says, if we look into the history and see the two rationales, we can’t explain why US give him so much aid and why US giving it so unconditionally?. Author says, Israel may have strategic partnership during cold war and cold war is over now and US give aid to Israel because of terrorism problems and it’s makes harder to address lots of other problems in middle east. Support for Israel is not the only source of anti-Americanism or elsewhere or the problems in middle east would not disappear. According to author, US can add up more normal relationship with Israel but giving it nearly unconditional backing is not making America more popular or safer. On balance that aid become “strategic liability”.

The other argument that author give is about is that “Israel shares democracy and American values”. He says, it is completely true. Israel is having vibrant democracy with many admiral qualities but there are lots of other states shares equally admirable qualities and democracies but none of get the level of support that Israel does plus the Israel’s Treatment with it’s Arab population sand it’s treatment with Palestinians in particular is shortly doesn’t match with Americans values. Nor, of Israeli behavior is significantly better than out of the Palestinians. So, it doesn’t explain any exemplary reason behind an unconditional economic aid.

Now, author answers, why actually US give the aid to Israel and the reason is the “lobby” working behind. Authors defines lobby as a:

“loose coalition of an individual group that influence American policy to work in pro-Israeli direction”

This  lobby includes Organizations like, APEC, conference of presidents, Christian Zionists groups, American enterprises, think tanks, media and institutions. He further says, Israel lobby is not synonymous with Jewish Americans. The lobby is defined by political agenda not by ethnicity or religion. In the US small groups with focused agendas often bear disproportionate influence because they care a lot about single issue and politicians can get their support without losing anything else by caring about their preferences

like other interest groups, the Israel lobby works in two ways: It operates inside the beltway in American elections to get sympathetic people elected the office and pointed the key position and then giving politicians a key incentives to embrace the favors like APEC does by supporting politicians on the policies the like. The APEC secures the annual budget of 50 billion$ and is very active on capital hill in drafting policy and they have influence over politicians too. Like the president of APEC Steve Rosette once grabbed a napkin and put in front of senators and said by the evening we could have signature of 77 senators on this napkin, this shows the influence of APEC over politicians. APEC is also no No2 in capital hills (According to Forbs). Bill Clinton said about APEC: “APEC has fought better than any of the else lobbying in the town”.

The second ways author defined about the influence of lobby is: Trying to shape public discourse om perception so that the Israel could use favor by the people. This mainly includes the mainstream media through which people get influence and made sympathetic statements regarding Israel and gate any critique made against him. The example of this is, Americans don’t like Kevin Elder, Maria Harris for their critique against Israel. The other example is when Jimmy Carter published his book “Palestine peace not a apartheid “the ADI camera took add  and  public on media with the phone numbers of publishers and invited the leaders to call on and protest.

So, the authors have urged that, so much unconditional support and the active lobby is shutting the common people’s mouth in speaking up against any critique against Isreal and it also marginalising the people with policies made by leaders not even that, it promoting the power remake in Middle East. This lobby is not only risking the security dilemma of Middle East but also alarming for other countries like Britain. And, it’s damaging both United States and Israel.

 

 

Isreal attack on Al'-Aqsa, Incident, Reason and World Reaction

 Isreal attack on Al’-Aqsa, Incident, Reason and World’s Reaction

Incident:-

During the Friday night, 7 May 2021, Muslims in a huge amount, peacefully reached to Al-Aqsa for worship. When worshipers were heading towards Al’-Aqsa mosque, the Isrealis have started stopping them from entering to create a culprit for war with full planning. The Isreali police was equipped with armaments and arsenals against the Palestinian Muslims and that was very unusual because, police never come with such preparation to mosque, where people offer precation with tranquillity. The Isreali police eventually started violence on Muslims. Initially, Muslims kept praying and even through the mic of Mosque it had been enunciated that: Isreali stop their violence and they also considered the Palestinians to neglect and forgive them and continue worship. But, Isreali didn’t stop, they kept their impropriety. They started shelling on Muslims, pointing them through guns with rubber bullets that were actually metal bullets coated with rubber outside. The Palestinian people were starting falling and getting wounded due to heavy tear gases and firing. After heavy torture by Isreali Police, they got successful in vacating the outer compound of mosque. The conflict prevailed as much that, it reached till Temple Mount of Jews and almost 250 Palestinian got heavily injured and almost 17 Isreali have got minor injuries.

 Reason Behid the conflict:-

• The major reason behind the raid of police over the innocent Palestinians is that, the Palestinian Muslims always think that, whenever their governance will establish, they will make “Sheikh-Al’-Jarrah” (Eastern Jerusalem) as their capital.
• Muslims are having exceeding amount of population in Sheikh-Al-Jarrah and they also secure the influence.
• Now, Isreali consider Jerusalem as their capital and they don’t want to give any part of that to Muslims and they want Sheikh-Al-Jarrah as their own property to settle the Jews.
• The Isreal have issued the notice to Muslims to evict their house in Sheikh-Al-Jarrah.
• The Palestinian resided in Sheikh-Al-Jarrah protested against the notice of Isreali settlements against eviction. They went to court for justice, made protest against the notice.
• But, the supreme court of Isreal rejected the appeal of Palestinian Muslims and issued judicial decision in favour of Isreal.

World Reaction against Sheikh-Al-Jarrah Incident:-

United Nations:-

The United Nations have warned Isreal to call off the settlement and the eviction of Palestinian families otherwise their action would come under “war crimes”. The UN also urged that we wish the East-Jerusalem will remain the part of Palestinian Muslims.

Major Powers:-

• United States showed deep concern and called both the sides to settle the issues and also showed concern regarding the settlements and eviction issue.

• Russia condemned the attack on the Civilians and asked both the sides to release tension and violence.

European Countries:-

The European countries including France, Germany, UK, spain and Italy have collectively asked Isreal to reverse their decision of settlement in Sheikh-Al-Jarrah and both the parties should built trust together.

Middle East:-

• Qatar condemned the Al’-Aqsa incident and urged the international community “to end the repeated oppression of Isreali settlements on Palestinian Muslims”.
• Turkey have criticised the Isreal over his act and said: Isreal is continued with his unending terror and he would pay for it.
• Saudi-Arabia rejects the Isreali settlements and the eviction of families from Sheikh-Al-Jarrah.
• UAE denounced the Al Aqsa incident and asked Isreal to reduce tension And give necessary protection to Palestinians.
• Iran:- The Iran strongly condemned the incident and Labeled it to “war crime”and they also said, such war crimes are dominating the “ world towards the criminal nature of zionists”.

South Asia:-

Pakistan condemn the Al’-Aqsa incident especially during the month of Ramadan and urge the world to protect the Palestinians and prayed for the speedy recovery of injured.

زندگی ‏کیا ‏ہے؟ ‏? What is life

 زندگی! لکھنے اور بولنے میں ایک چھوٹا سا لفظ ہے، مگر اس لفظ سے جڑے احساسات، تکالیف اور اہمیت اسے دنیا کی سب سے قیمتی شے بنا دیتے ہیں، کہ لالچ میں مشغول انسان، جس کے لیے پیسہ سب کچھ ہوتا ہے وہ اس  زندگی کو بچانے کی خاطر اسے بھی قربان کر دیتا ہے. مگر یہ زندگی میں ایسا کیا ہے جو اسے اتنا قیمتی بنا دیتا ہے؟ کیوں انسان اس کو گزارنے کی خاطر ہر راہ  ہر دیوار پھلانک دیتا ہے؟ کیوں اس کے نازونخرے اٹھانے کے لیے ٹیکنالوجی کے انبار لگا دیے؟ بہت سارے سوالات کا ایک مختصر جواب یہ ہے کہ: زندگی خالصتاً بنائی یا ڈیزائن ہی اس مطابق کی گئی ہے تاکہ انسان کی عقل کا امتحان لیا جائے، بلکل ویسے ہی جیسے سائنسدان ریبورٹ بنا کر  اس میں کوڈینگ کرتے ہیں اور پھر اس کی ٹیسٹنگ کرتے ہیں کہ یہ کتنا میعاری ہے. بلکل ایسے ہی اللہ سبحان و تعالٰی نے انسان کو  بنا کر اور زندگی دے کر آزمائش میں اس طرح ڈال دیا کہ، coding بھی کر دی، قانون بھی بتا دیے اور ساتھ ہی ساتھ طاقت اور عقل جیسی نعمتیں اور آزمائشیں بھی دے دی تاکہ دیکھ سکے اسی کا بنایا ہوا انسان کیا کرتا ہے. پھر وہی روح اور سانسوں کا محتاج انسان یا تو  فرعون بن جاتا یے یا تو موسيٰ علیہ السلام. ایک اپنے آپ میں جہنم اور ایک جنت۔ اسی طرح زندگی اپنے ساتھ جنت اور جہنم لے کے پیدا ہوتی ہے،یعنی خوشی اور غم. کسی کو غموں کے انبار کے بعد تازہ ہوا کا جھونکا نصیب ہوتا کے تو کسی کو خوشیوں کی بھری ہوئی جھولی کے بعد آگ کے انبارے سہنے پڑھتے ہیں. ایک مومن کی زندگی آزمائشوں کی گٹھڑی کی طرح ہوتی ہے جس کے کھولتے ہی سب بکھر جاتا ہے، مگر وہ پھر سے سمٹ کر ایک سمت میں آجاتی ہے،مگر ایک کافر کی زندگی پھول جیسی ہوتی ہے،  جس کی تروتازگی اور خوبصورتی کے سب دیوانے ہوتے ہیں مگر جب وہ مرجھا جائے  تو  نہ تو اسے کوئی ویسی فوقیت دیتا یے اور نہ ہی  وہ دوبارہ اپنی خوبصورت شکل اختیار  کر سکتا. کیونکہ دنیا مومن کے لیے ایک آزمائش ہے اور کافر کے لیے جنت. علامہ محمد اقبال کا ایک شعر اس کی عکاسی بہت گہرے الفاظ میں کرتا ہے:

رحمتیں ہیں تیری آغیار کے کاشانوں پر 

برق گرتی ہے تو بیچارے مسلمانوں پر

تو زندگی یہی ہے، ایک آزمائش جس میں کوئی دنیا میں اختیارت اور طاقت کے مزے لوٹے گا اور کوئی ازلی اور عدمی زندگی میں اپنی سلطنت کا بادشاہ ہو گا. 

Reasons Behind the delay in Constitution making process of Pakistan

 

Introduction:-

 Pakistan born on 14 August 1947, but unfortunately  from the beginning, Pakistan had been dealt on numerous issues and it took Pakistan for 26 years to have a unanimous constitution. The most important factors the country had been facing were, political issues, leadership vaccum, rule of dictators, weak democracy, and weak judiciary, these all factors have collectively kept Pakistan deprived of having constitution and the other biggest issue that Pakistan faced is fall of Dhaka. The fall of Dhaka initiated the war with in our own land. Thus each time the constitution was proposed and drafted. The tussle between East and west Pakistan of parity and provincial autonomy proved to be  a great hindrance in law making.

Political Issues:-

Since, the Pakistan came into being, it’s political system remained prone to weakness. Right after the death of Quaid, the country experienced the leadership vaccum in the politics of Pakistan. As we know, Quaid said in his every speech about Pakistan being federal state. But still, till 30 years, nobody was sure whether it should be the presidential state or federal one. Whenever any political party came into power (Millitary, civil),they had  changed constitution according to their personal interest. Hence, the constitution always presented to be as a “puppet”.

Example:-

The constitution of 1956, is the best example of it, when Ayub khan dismissed the constitution of 1956 and dissolved assemblies for the personal gain. This step challenged the credibility and sovereignty of constitution. It emphasis how, the interest of rulers always prioritised and constitution remained at back foot.

Leadership Vaccum and Coup d’e’tat:-

Ayub khan, who itself came in power illegally, he dismissed constitution but still, he assumed that, country is in danger by democratic government, as the civilian leaders have been accused with different allegation charges. Even he  included, Fatima Jinnah as a threat to the country. He had considered the civilian leaders as a traitors, corrupts, and killer. For Fatima Jinnah he said:

“She is an old lady, with no knowledge of  local language and politics of Pakistan”

In response, Fatima Jinnah answered him in her election compaign:

“I know the politics of Pakistan, And I am aware of the issues of their people, and I can also also feel their pain. You are an army servant, you can  never know the politics of Pakistan”

These blame shifting and tactics was the prevailing political issue that has contributed the major issue of causing delay in Constitution making process. And insisted the Pakistan to run the ‘so-called’ constitution of a dictator with the lable of ‘Basic democracy’, that had portrayed  the utopian-law. 

Election of 1965 and  Events:-

Criticism by  the opponent party is the beauty of democracy, but it should be out of personal attack. These critics  helps the government to abolish the weaknesses. The opponent’s criticism naturally supportsthe favourable decisions to be taken in favour of nation and country. Like: Recently, state passed  the bill of “Tahafuz-e-Bunyad-e-Islam” that was distressing the rights of minorities, and it had been passed in Pubjsb assembly. But, after a month, when human rights activists and opposition criticised it heavily, the government returned that bill and present that bill to pubjab government to look it again with the help of governor of punjab Servar Khan. As, we can see the constitution safe-guard the rights of citizens and it helps the government to stay in limits. 

 Now, there was a pressure for elections and people were demanding democracy.  Ayub khan also wanted to participate in elections but, he  didn’t realise, the constitution is necessary for the next elections, because in the absence of constitution no state can conduct their election process. Then, Ayub khan realised the fact, and took the help of his minister and made a constitution for election purpose.Hence, 1962 constitution came into being but Ayub khan forgot that, According to this constitution, He can not participate in 1956’s elections. Because, constitution had clearly showed, A person who is serving a nation as a government job, can not participate in elections. At that time, Ayub khan was a chief of army and he couldn’t not avail the chance of participation. And he didn’t realize it until opposition made critiques. 

When he saw this situation, he delayed the election for being eligible. As, his retirement was on a head and till that time, he delayed the election for his own eligibility. He then, participated and won elections but, people have started questioning about his credibility and that lead towards his decline especially the protest made in NWFP (KPK). In that protest hundred of people died and he got dismissed from parliament and another dictator Yahya khan came into force. And another  story of Pakistan’s wreck started with more pain and incidents, that Kept Pakistan without any strong constitution and democracy. 

1971 Era:-

Elections:-

The new elections took place in the era of 1971. The Awami National Party (ANP) won all the seats from East Pakistan and from west Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) became victorious. From here the issue begin that lead the tragic incident of “Fall of Dhaka”. 

The east Pakistan constitutes 54% population, while west Pakistan constitutes of 46% population of total. Democratically, the consensus were showing the favour of Sheikh Mujeeb-ur-Rehman to form a government but Bhutto was not in the favour to provide the rule to Sheikh Mujeeb, as he had secured the majority of seats in West Pakistan. It initiated the tug-of-war between two leading parties. None of them compromised in term of power. Then, Yahya khan gave decision in the favour of Pakistan people’s party. This upvoked the act of discrimination and there were many other reasons too but it short-termed and most powerful reason of East Pakistan’s  separation Hence, on 16 December 1971,east Pakistan got separated and emerged as an independent state on map with named Bangladesh. Another terrific incident and a piles of issues, that couldn’t let the Pakistan to get stable and focus on constitution formation. But this separation has revived the democracy in Pakistan and gave Pakistan with unanimous constitution. 

The Constitution of 1973

During the political compaign, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto promised his nation, that he will provide a full-fledged constitution with in one year of his tenure. And yes, he fulfilled his promise and finally, with in 6 months, he gave to Pakistan his First complete and unanimous constitution, ‘The constitution of 1973’. This constitution initiated the journey of true democracy in Pakistan. The constitution have few short terms but with different ammendments, they’re getting minimise. And till now, 18 amendment has been made in Constitution. The last amendment the ‘18th amendment’ has made the Pakistan a true federation state. 

Impact of covid-19 on culture

The cultural transformation is one of the most interesting part, that has been observed right after the start of corona pandemic. For the Muslims in Western countries, where taking veil, and wearing scarf was a crime, the corona pandemic has threw the light of hope and happiness for them because, Islamic culture has got more implementation and appreciation through out the world. This virus has altered the soar eyes and thinking of non-Muslims towards covering body, that could be determine through Trump's (The US president) press conference statement in which he said: 

 "You don't need to wear mask, take hijab it's a good practice to save yourself from  virus"

Finally, the people around the globe have started quoting tye benefits of hijab. The most amazing thing is, even fashion industry has started a new trend of adding masks with beautiful motives and colours for the protection from corona. It clearly shows, the Islamic dress-code is getting boom and appraisal, even before it had been banned in those countries.
The practice of abolition is an other culture shift. As, it was only practiced in Muslims societies but, now after pandemic, when people realised, In order to keep ourself safe from virus, cleanliness is important. And our prophet (SAW) already said in his hadees

" cleanliness is half of faith". 

 Another revolution that has been seen is social distancing or for the more relevant word is 'physical distancing'. In west the practice of illegal physical relationship was so common. People had no barriers, they perform immoral physical activities, whenever they want to with everyone they like. But right after the pandemic, this practice has got an extreme range of refrain. People are trying to maintain physical barriers, in order to keep theirselves save and this is a dramaticall and amazing culture shift. 

What is Fascism and Nazism?

Derivation of the word Fascism 

Fascism derive from a latin word 'fascio' that refers to "Bundle of sticks".

In ancient Roman, the civil magistrate carry the bundle of sticks along with his soldiers and move in the streets and markets to make sure the law and order conditions and if someone seems to be the broker of law, they used to beat that person with sticks and they also had the authority to give capital punishment.

Emergence of Fascism

• The Fascism emerged during 20th century and it was the populous movement lead in Europe  by radical authoritarian and nationalists. These radical authoritarian had an immense power that they had controlled Industries, commerce and market as a whole. 
• The Fascist were inspired by Frédéric Nietzche (The German Philosopher) Who have had said 

"Because of Christianity, a Labour mentality has emerged in Europe" 

He thought, the Christianity is the religion of Labours and it was true because the traitors against Rome emerged by labourers and Christianity got popular among Europeans. 

He said, as now because of technology and development the role of religion has been diminished from Europe and now, we have to opt the new mentality, according to which we could sustain our lives. One of the quote of Frédéric Nietzche got very famous that has further proceeded to anti-consertivism that is:

"God is dead"

• Here, that quote refers to the removal of God from our lives. That we have removed 'religion' from our lives. That was the philosophical concept or addition of that time Europe, when the involvement of religion had been totally removed from. political affairs. He then suggested the 'superman mentality'  that was referred to 'will power'. According to which:
• The thing that make personality powerful is good, and if something makes you and your personality weak is bad. 
• Now the early groups those had been reading to Frédéric were very anti-Conservative and they think themselves radical and they opposed their culture and tradition being so much involved in his philosophy.

Crisis in Europe:-

• In Europe, due to World War 1,an immense crisis emerged especially in Central europe including Germany and Italy, and the government's of these countries couldn't deal with that crisis, neither in economic term nor societal.
• The challanges that emerged in Europe was the movements lead by labourers and socialists. And they were emerge very swiftly like, Russian revolution in 1913 and also so Soviet Union were converting and forming socialism in even those areas, that were not under the Russian territory and the socialism was quickly spreading towards central Europe (Germany and Italy)

Fascism-Benito Mussolini

• The situation in Italy was very unique at that time. The leader of labours at that time in Italy named Doniogramtchie, had made analysis, that how Fascism emerged in Italy.
• The Fasicm was firstly emerged in Italy abd the main thinker of it was Benito Mussolin. He ran a Black shirt movement in Italy. In that movement, he made his supporters to wear black shirts 
• The interesting thing is, Mussolini was a member of socialist party of Italy, but he left that party on the reason that, they didn't support the ruling party in World war 1 but instead they opposed it,and then he started saying:

"We will make Italy great" 

And then, their black movement officially started and they wore black shirts and started saying, communism and socialism are our ultimate enemies and we will eradicate it.

Right Hands VS Left Hands

At that time, the unions were very strong in south Italy, and they had took over the whole areas. The black shirts started breaking them by force and started taking over those areas. Right after this breakage, the feudal lords started calling them as a good people, as they were breaking the left-hand people, abd these ellites feudal lords and industrialist started funding them with heavy sum of money.

So, basically this movement was the battle or crack down between left hands and right hands. 

Fascism to Nazism in Germany:-

• The Mussolini when came into power in Italy, that mindset got influenced in Germany too and started spreading there. 
• The Germany had been passing through same issue of Crisis after World war 1and at that time the Liberal Party was ruling in Germany named Yuma Republic. Against that party,  Adolf Hitler made his own party named National Socialist Germans worker party (NATZI) 

Now the question is, why they call themselves nationalists and socialists? 

• The reason is, they had lead the same movement like in Italy with the slight difference of brown and black. They were leading the brown shirts movement in Germany and by wearing them, they entered into labourers unions and broke them and they were similarly backed by feudal lords as Mussolini and his supporters were. 
• The Adolf Hitler didn't won election but he secured seat in Parliament with 1/3 of votes and later due to emerging crises, the ruling party Yma Republic's chancellor resigned and that shifted the power to Hitler. 
• At that time, an attack took place in Parliament and everything burned off. The Hitler took advantage of it and started blaming to German Congress party. He suspended parliament and banned Congress party and crushed opposition. 
• Hitler then, removed public Private distinction and said now, we will completely mobilise for war. He took over the industry and made planned economy in favour of industrialist and he said:

"Now it's time to spread in whole Europe and we will maje our rule there". 

Initially, Hitler has got a very swift success, even the Royalty in Austo-Hungry said:

"We are also fascist and we are with you"

• The feudal lords and industrialist immediately started supporting Hitler and this is how Fascist movement spread in Europe. 
• Initially, Liberals were using the appeasing approach towards Fasicm and they really didn't wanted ti fight against them, because of that, fascist became more powerful and strong. 

Start of World War 2:-

Finally, Hitler started sending troops in different areas. He started capturing different states from,cekoslovakia then he went for Poland, France, Italy, Britan and finally Russia where he badly got beaten due to the strong allies of Russia and hus tough geography. 

End of Fascism:-

The Italy and Germany had finally made agreement against Fascism by labelling it as a very chronic and bad stuff and finally they ended Fasicm collectively. And they said, they will never lead any fascist being rule in country. Now, the Fascist word use to abuse the government having radical policies. 

UAE normalisation of relationship with Isreal. IS this relationship will help Palestinians?

 The most hot topic now a days, that we have been going through is:

The normalisation of UAE's relationship with Isreal.

Isreal is the country to whom, most of the Islamic states don't even accept because his annexation on Palestinian's land and the most important the "Religious sentiments". The Al'-Aqsa mosque situated in Jerusalem was the Muslim's Qibla-e-Awal (Means the first direction towards which Muslims used to perform their prayers and rituals) that got changed after building holy kabah. The Israelis that are Jews in religion are continously wrenching the hearts of Muslims and playing with their sentiments through tyrant behaviour and forceful capturing of their state. Most of the Muslim countries among which Pakistan is on top has no conculate relationship.

Before, 13 August 2020, UAE also haven't shared any sort of diplomatic relationship with Isreal. But on this Thursday, they've built ties with Isreal and made deal on different economic relationships. Including Trade, technology, visa, travel, culture and many more. The UAE says, we did this to normalise the relationship with Isreal to maintain peace in Middle East, especially Palestine and they says, it will help the Palestine especially the west coast from being annex. But according to Isreali Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said:

The annexation would not be cancelled rather putting temporary hold

That means, the deal was not made for the favour of Palestinian's, rather to fulfil their own interest. Now, let's see how Isreal  build hold on UAE after being his major trade partner. According to views of analysts, it will lead to UAE at the stage, where he couldn't even survive without Isreal.